What cardiac condition is characterized by an increase in the size of the ventricles?

Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by an increase in the size of the ventricles, specifically the left ventricle, which becomes enlarged and weakened. This condition typically results in a decrease in the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, leading to heart failure. The dilation occurs due to various factors, including genetic predispositions, alcohol abuse, infections, or certain medications, which affect the muscle fibers of the heart.

In this condition, the walls of the ventricles can become thinner, and the overall shape of the heart changes, contributing to its reduced function. Early detection and management of dilated cardiomyopathy are crucial to improving outcomes for affected individuals, as treatments may help to manage symptoms and prevent progressive heart failure.

Other conditions listed involve different mechanisms; for instance, hypertrophy refers more to the thickening of the heart muscle rather than enlargement of the chambers. Ventricular septal defects involve an abnormal opening between the ventricles, and myocarditis refers to inflammation of the heart muscle without direct enlargement of the ventricles.